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In the absence of new countries that can replace the decrease in aluminum demand caused by China's slowdown, we expect the alumina sector to enjoy a period of high profitability.
Only the complete utilization of red clay, also known as the global problem, can be expected to bring the banner of next profits.

The first thing you need to know about red mud

Alumina produces approximately 1.5 tons of red clay, which has a particle size of between 0.088 and 0.25 mm, an average specific gravity of 2.7-9.0, a bulk mass density of between 0.8 and 1.00, and a melting range of 1250-1250 degC. Below is a table that shows the composition of red clay:

The Bayer method is used to produce the majority of alumina in China. The Bayer Method is characterized with high levels of iron, aluminium and alkali.

Second, a typical case of alumina companies in the full utilization of red clay

1. Chinalco Shandong Branch. The data available shows that in 2016, the red mud utilization rate was 25 percent. China's enterprises that produce alumina have a high utilization rate, with accumulated consumption exceeding 12 million liters of red clay. Henan Aluminium Industry Transformation and Growth Action Plan (2018-2010) clearly states that by 2020 the comprehensive usage rate of red clay will reach 10%. No harm will come if there is no comparison. China's comprehensive utilization rate is too low. The main uses of mountain aluminum red clay are the development of new coal-burning de-sulfurizer technologies, high-grade concrete, highway subgrades and brick making.

2. Weiqiao Group, 2018: On the 5.3 km roadbed in Binzhou of Jiqing's expressway, 20,000 tonnes of red mud were applied. According to estimates each kilometer of expressway could consume 200,000 tons red mud. Provincial highways could consume 60,000 tonnes red mud. Municipal roads can consume as much as 20,000 tonnes red mud. Future market opportunities are wide for countries in China that have a lot of highway mileage.

Third, a case study of the use of red clay by social forces.

Shandong Satellite TV broadcasted a story on December 31st, 2018 about Zibo Tianzhirun Ecological Technology Co. Ltd. consuming 70,000 tons red mud annually to produce permeable blocks. The company's red-mud permeable bricks project, which has a red-mud blending ratio of 90%, was chosen as one of Shandong Province's top ten circular economy innovations for 2018. The company boss invested 30 million. After Zui, only two houses remained studed.

It's not just that enterprises in Inner Mongolia have spent hundreds of billions of dollars trying to crack the code on alumina production in fly ash and yet there is no breakthrough.

Fourth, comprehensive red mud usage recommendations

Red mud has been used for a longer time in the production and use of roadbeds. Each has its advantages and disadvantages. There is a nearby plant that produces cement, and roadbeds are consumed in large quantities. The future demand for permeable blocks is low in economically developed areas. Therefore, it's possible to promote the production of these bricks nationwide. The only disadvantage is the fact that it is more cost-effective to sell bricks within 800 km.

China's red mud alumina is generally used at a very low rate. Our utilization rate may not be as low as that of other countries, but we cannot compare ourselves to foreign countries. China's alumina has entered a new era, one of self-transcendence. We are now able to make full use of red mud. The company's alumina position will be reshaped by the profit margin.

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