The graphene applications provides perfect X-ray capture

The graphene applications provides perfect X-ray capture

A nanocomposite material that absorbs X-rays and then re-emits the captured energy in the form of light with near-perfect efficiency can help improve high-resolution medical imaging and safety inspections. The nearly 100% energy transfer of this material can improve the efficiency of devices ranging from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and X-ray imaging scintillators to solar cells.

During medical imaging, X-rays passing through the body are absorbed by the scintillator material, and the scintillator material converts the X-rays into the light for the digital camera-type sensor to capture. "So far, high-performance scintillators are mainly composed of ceramics or air that require harsh and expensive preparation conditions and perovskite materials with poor light stability and high toxicity," said Wang Jianxin, a postdoctoral fellow in Omar Mohammed\'s laboratory. Work.

In contrast, organic scintillator materials have good processability and stability, but due to the low atomic weight of their constituent atoms (hence the limited X-ray absorption), the imaging resolution and detection sensitivity are low.

Mohammed and his colleagues have now improved the X-ray capture of organic scintillators by combining organic scintillators with metal-organic framework (MOF) Zr-FCU-BADC-MOF, which incorporates a highly ordered structure with High atomic weight zirconium.

When the MOF layer of the nanocomposite is irradiated by X-rays, excitons are generated—a pair of excited negatively charged electrons and positively charged holes. With the help of the ultra-short distance between them, these energy carriers are easily transferred from the MOF to the organic TADF chromophore, and the energy is emitted in the form of light.

The graphene applications and its characteristics

The graphene applications is a new type of super-hard and ultra-fine abrasive formed by special processing and processing of synthetic diamond single crystal. It is an ideal raw material for grinding and polishing high-hardness materials such as cemented carbide, ceramics, gems, and optical glass. Diamond products are made of diamonds. Tools and components made of materials are widely used. Diamond powder and products are widely used in automobiles, machinery, electronics, aviation, aerospace, optical instruments, glass, ceramics, petroleum, geology, and other sectors. With the continuous development of technology and products, the use of diamond powder and products is still expanding.

The tip of the glass cutter we usually use is actually diamond. Tools used in precision machining and drill bits used in oil drilling are coated with diamonds to improve their wear resistance. Because diamond is the hardest natural substance in the world.

Another characteristic of graphene applications is its excellent thermal conductivity. Its thermal conductivity is about 5 times the thermal conductivity of pure copper at room temperature. It has potentially important applications in the semiconductor industry. According to Moore\'s Law, the current large-scale integrated circuit components are constantly shrinking in size and increasing in density, causing their thermal load to continue to rise. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the semiconductor circuit board and components may be burnt. If we can use the high thermal conductivity of diamond as a large-scale integrated circuit substrate or heat sink, it can dissipate the heat in time and solve the current bottleneck restricting the development of electronic components.

Preparation methods of diamond powder

There are generally three commonly used methods of artificially graphene applications.

Detonation method

The formation condition of natural diamond is a high temperature and high-pressure environment, so how to produce such a special environmental state of high temperature and pressure? The easiest way is to detonate the explosive. If you put graphite-containing explosives in a special container and then detonate the explosives, it will instantly generate strong pressure and high temperature, then the graphite can be converted into diamonds. This method can obtain a lot of fine powder diamonds. Its particles are very small, only 5~15 nanometers and its application as jewelry may be limited, but it is still very important as an industrial abrasive.

High temperature and high-pressure method

The high temperature and high-pressure methods are to maintain high pressure and high-temperature environment for a relatively long stable period of time, allowing graphite to slowly transform into a diamond. By controlling the synthesis conditions and time, diamonds can continue to grow. In a day or so, 5 millimeters of diamonds can be obtained.

Chemical vapor deposition

Chemical vapor deposition is a method that gradually developed in the 1990s. This method mainly uses some carbon-containing gas, such as some mixed gas of methane and hydrogen as a carbon source, under a certain energy input, the methane gas is decomposed, nucleated on the substrate, and grown into a diamond. The advantage of this method is that the efficiency is relatively high, relatively controllable, and it can obtain pure and transparent diamonds without impurities, which is an important direction of current development.

In the future, the diamond synthesis will develop in the direction of high-purity large particles. For the demand for diamonds, we will no longer only rely on the gift of nature, and synthetic diamonds will also enter more production fields and be used more widely.

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